Carbureter.



G. Vi. HOLLEY. CARBURITER. APPLICATION FILED'JUNE r4, 1909.`

Wi@ y CARBURETYER. APP'uATloN flLED JUNE 14, 1909.

Pateutd Fab@ 8, 19M.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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g nu To all whom 'uit may' concern:

GEORGE MELvIN HOLLEY, or DE'rRoI'r, MICHIGAN.

Be it known that I, GEORGE M. HOLLEY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, in the county of Vayne, State of -Michigan, have`invented certain new and useful Improvements in lCarbureters; and I d'6declare the following to be a full, clear, andfexa'cut description ofthe invention, such as4 will enable' others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and,to the figures of reference y i :'markedthereon, which form a part 0f this l specification.

This invention relatesto carbureters for internal combustion engines,and consists 1n the'` constructionanyd arrangement of parts Lhereinafter 'more fullyset forth and pointed out particularly intheclaims.

The objectgof the invention is to provide simple and eflicient means forfeeding into4 the carbureting chamber a plurality of hydrocarbon fuelsof varying density' or specific gravity, enabling the operator to startthe engine upon the ,lighter or more volatile fuel and then shift thecarbureting device so as to feed the heavier fuel,'the arrangement beingsuch-as to affordtwo independent fuel reservoirs -which may be made tocommunicate independently with a single fuel nozzle which extends intothe carbureting chamber, and to provide for regulating the flow of fuelfrom said r'eservoirs at will.

The above object is attained by the structure illustrated in theyaccompanying drawings, in which-:#- I

f Figure 1 is a central vertical section through a carbureter involvingmy invention, the line of said ,section being indicated by dotted line1-1 on Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of said carbureter with the capor cover removed. Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary` lview in .sectionthrough the upper endcf the fuel nozzle and the controlling valvetherein, through the medium of which either of vtwo carbureting fuelshorizontal vwhich the carbureter is adapted to supply,

may be fed to the carbureting chamber.

Fig. 4 is a' horizontal section as on line 4--4 of Fig. 3. tion, as on`Fig. is a central verticalv secline 5-5 of Fig.` 1.l Fig. 6 isa sectionas on line 6--6 of Fig. 5, he dotted'line'l in said figure showing the.l i tf.. uns..

Specification. of Lettersv Patent.

osition of the Zhandle of `the-controlling valvewhen the device isset tofeed' from. oneratented Feb. s, 191e.

Application filed June 14, isos. serial No. 502,023.

of the fuel reservoirs. Fig. '7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, the dottedline indicating the position of the handle of the controlling4 valvewhen said valve is set to` feed from` the other of said' reservoirs. lReferring to the characters of reference, 1 designates the body of thecarbureter which is preferably cylindrical in form and which is dividedby a transverse partition 2 into two independent fuel reservoirsindicated at 3 and Il, respectively. Each reservoir is provided with avalve chamber 5 communicating therewith, and in each of said valvechambers is a valve seat 6 sur.-

each of the gravity valves 8 is an arm 9.

which is pivotally-mounted at 10 in the passage connecting each valvechamber with its reservoir, the inner end of each of the arms 9 beingsecured to a semicircular float 11 located in each of .the fuelreservoirs. The

upper end 12 ofeach yof the valves 8 is guided in a way 13 formed in thecap 14 .which covers'each of the valve chambers 5.

By this arrangement the fuelin each of the reservoirs may be maintainedat a constant level, as will be well understood in the art. When thefuel in either of the reservoirs falls below apredetermined'level, theAvalve 8 will be lifted as the float descends, permitting the fuel toflow into the reservoir through the inta-ke opening 7. As the float islifted by the inflowing fuel, the valve 8 .will be seated to cutoff afurther inflow thereof. i

Extending vertically lof the body of the carbureter and locatedcentrally therein is' a circular partition 15 which connects thetransverse partitions 2 and within which is formed the carburetingchamber 16, 'the lower end of which communicates with `the air intakepassage way 17 extending horizontally through the body of thecarbureter.

projecting chamber 1s the fuel feed nozzle 18. In the v upper end ofsaid nozzle'is rotatively seated the plug valve 19 whose stem 2,0projects from the lower end of said nozzle and car- ,riesthe actuatinghandle 21. 'The valve 1 los is held to its seat .by packing` 22 retainedin place Nby a ring 23 embracing. the stein ofsaid v'alve andurgedagainst said packing by a coiled-spring "avhich also embracessaid valvestemand is confined in the lower .end of the nozzle by means of the`threaded plug 25 screwed therein' and through which thevalve steinpasses freely. Leading from thereservoir t and communicating with the",upper end, of the nozzle 18 1s a Jruel feed passage26 through whichthe flow of fuel is controlled by aneedle pointyalve 27 seated Itherein. The stein of said valve projects' l y beyond the body andcarries theknurled disk '20 the outer end of thestemof said valve car.-1

QS-for actuating it. The .reservoir 3 also.

rying lthe actuating disk 3L .-Formed in the i .upper end yof the valve19 is a= passage 32 .Whose terminals open through the wall of y i saidvalve at lright anglesto each other,.'as' 25 lclearly lshown in Figs; -6and?. Communicating with the angular passage 32 in said,

. valve :is a verticaly passage33. The upper cateS.

end of -theyalvel 19 is reduced, as shown at 34, anderosslng saidreduced portion is a transverse passage with which the upper end of thevertical v passage 33 communiofgsaid valve and the wallof the nozzle-atits upper end is an annular way 36,- into 35A which the opposite endspofthe transfjerse 'passage 35 discharge, all of` which isclearly Ifshownin Fig. 3. 4By rotating the 'valve 19 -thinugh the medium. ofy itshandle,.`the terf- -minals ofl the angular passage 32 therein mayl becaused to register successively with the fuel .feed p assagesy and .29.When one' of. the: terminals ofsa'i'd angular passage inthe-valveis-made to register with one of i. the fuelffeed passages, fuel from thereser- 'nicateswill lflow into said angular passage in the valve,'thence throughv the vertioall Voir with which said feed passagecommupassage 33 into the .transverse passage 35 :and 4fill the annular[spacev at the 'upper end ofthenozzle, being 1naintai-ned'therein at.the level'o'f'the fuel in the I/.SQ-rvoir with which the nozzle may bein commiuiication, whichjlevel'i's. normally slightlylbelow the upperend of said nozzle. The` fuelheld inf end of the nozzle is'drawnfintofthe car-' bursting chamber bythe inspirations kof the` i `r'pafssing'therethrough to form an explosi'ye`charge`,`as will be well understood.AL

engine and. mixed with'the;

It will benoted that the feedpas'sages 26 andQQ communicate withv thenozzle'throug'h Qppositesides thereof, and thatfthe shape`ofthewangularpassage32 'in' the'- valve 1 9 Y is lsuch thatwhen one'terminal-*of said passage is in .communication with one of the f wwwfuel feed passages, the other passage is closed by the wall of saidvalve, thereby insuring the feeding of fuel lfrom but one reservoir at atime. f

v"The `reservoirs are closed by a cover 37 secured' thereon having acentralopening therethrough from which' leads a hollow passagel is athrottle valv`e'40 adapted to be actuated through the medium of a handleor leverll on the end of the stern thereof.

It'has been found by: experiment that hy' drocarbon 'oils`offtherdensity of kerosene, can be successfullyused ininternalcombustion engmes after the engine cylinder shall have become'he'ated soas to heat said oil to such-al degree as to render. it sufficientlyvolatileto. enable the "commingling of air therewith' tov` formI an.explosive mixture.

The chief difficulty in using kerosene and oilsof like densityl inexplosive vengines is the inability of starting the engine with suoli`'a fuel because 'of its low volatility under 'relativelylow'temperatures. It has been found that kerosene and like oils can y lbe used sucessfully in connection with gaso- Betweenthe reducedupperlend 3l len'e or'volatile oils, by employing the vola.-

then,`a'fter sufficient heat has been generated A to 'evaporate thelkerosene, cutting. off the Asupply of gasolene and feeding kerosenethrough the carbureter instead, the'presence `of heatk leXpandingtheparticles of kerolsene 'to forma gasl which when mixed withi the airpassing through the carbureting cha1nvber and-through the heatedlinduc't chamber of .the engine, `produces a. satisfactoryexplosive'm'ixture which may be successfully.. employed todrive vtheengine.; It will be understood that heat from the; exhaust isemployed'in ay manner not shogwn, to heat the induct pipe through whichthe explosive mixture is conveyed from-'the darbureter to thevcylinder..

Because of the 'comparative cheapness of `kerosene-and analog-'oushydrocarbon oils and their' vrelatively high 'heating qualities,

a material saving isvinade by using kerosene' .instead ofgasolene or'.the lighter volatile. foilsg' lt'lis important, however, that afterrunning" upon kerosene provision be made the fuel nozzle so' that whenit is desired Jto-'start `thejengine' upon gasolene, it will "forVleaving'but va `small quantity thereof in due -aniou'nt of kerosenebefore the gasolene cany br l'brought .into use'. lTo Aaccomplish lisoextreme'upper end of the fuel nozzle and that the residuary fuel whichcan be left therein after an operation is only the cornamount isinsufficient to materially interfere withthe starting of the engine.

` In orde!` to 'render' practicable the opera- ,tionlof the engine upontwo fuels of varying speclicgravity, 1t is necessary to provide for the'convenien'tsupply of said fuels to 4a .single ynozzle inthe carbureterso as to' enable'oneto be turned off and the other turned on at will.Such provision I have made byfeeding said fuels intothe carbu- A reterthrough a single valve, and forming said valve so that When it isactuated to .permit the flow of one fuel into the feed nozzle, the flowof the other fuel into said nozzle will be -automatically cut oii.

Having thus fully set forth my invention, what I claim as new anddesireto secure by Letters Patent, is:- A

l. In a carbureter, the combination of a casing having a plurality ofindependent reservoirs, a mixing chamber Within the casing, a nozzleextending Within the mixing chamber, a plurality of independent conduitsleading respectively fromsai'd reservoirs to4 adjacent the upper end ofsaid nozzle, and a valve Within the nozzle having a ported portioncontrolling said conduits and provided with an annular dischargelopening. i

2. In a carbureter the combina/clon of a casing having a plurality ofindependent reservoirs, a mixing chamber Within 'the casing, a nozzleextending Within the mixing chamber, a plurality of independent conduitsleading respectively from said reservoir to 'adjacent the upper end` ofsaid nozzle, a valve Within said nozzle providefd with a ported portioncontrolling sa-id conduits, l a vertical 'passage communicating with theported portion and, having a trans verse passage communicating with saidvertical passage, there being an annual discharge opening with whichsaidy transverse passage communicates.' i In testimony whereof, I signthis specification in the presence of two Witnesses.

GEORGE MELVIN HOLLEY. Witnesses:

E. S. VHEELER', L Gr. HoWLnT'r.

